Allyl And Vinyl Halides

Steric hindrance caused by the benzene ring of the aryl halide prevents s n 2 reactions.

Allyl and vinyl halides.

Key difference allyl vs vinyl both allyl and vinyl groups have slightly similar structures with a small variation. An aryl halide has general formula c6h 5x in which an halide group x has substituted the aryl ring. Rapid s n 2 substitution for 1º. Allyl h 2 c chch 2 rapid s n 2 substitution for 1º and 2º halides.

The simplest examples of an aryl halides are bromobenzene or chlorobenzene c6h 5x. Aryl halides or haloarenes in aryl halides the halogen atom is directly bonded to an sp2hybridised carbon of benzene. The key difference between these two structural components is the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms. In vinyl halides the halogen atom is bonded to an sp2hybridised carbon atom of c c double bond.

An allylic halide is an alkyl halide in whose molecule there are one or more halogen atoms on allylic carbons. For 3º halides a very slow s n 2 substitution or if the nucleophile is moderately basic e2 elimination. In addition the carbon halogen bond is shorter and therefore stronger in aryl halides than in alkyl halides. Both groups own a double bond between two carbon atoms where all the other atoms are bonded through single bonds.

Vinyl chloride h 2c ch cl is an example. Iitian faculty explains the above concept in entertaining and conceptual manner. For this reason alkenyl halides with the formula rch chx are sometimes called vinyl halides. Allyl group holds three carbon atoms and five hydrogen atoms on the other hand vinyl group has two carbon atoms and three hydrogen atoms.

The general molecular formula for allyl is rch 2 ch ch 2 whereas the general molecular formula for vinyl is rch ch 2. From the perspective of applications the dominant member of this class of compounds is vinyl chloride which is produced on the scale of millions of tons per year as a precursor to polyvinyl chloride. In high dielectric ionizing solvents such as water dimethyl sulfoxide acetonitrile s n 1 and e1 products may be observed. Redirected from allyl halide structure of the allyl group an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula h 2 c ch ch 2 r where r is the rest of the molecule.

It consists of a methylene bridge ch 2 attached to a vinyl group ch ch 2.